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L'Oursin and other specialties

L'Oursin and other specialties

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What is a sea urchin?

Also known as "sea chestnut" or "sea hedgehog", this animal that filters seawater belongs to the family of echinoderms.
It has been present for 900 million years and there are more than 800 different species of sea urchins around the world.
Among these different species, we find sea urchins of more than 30 cm in diameter and others infinitely small. Attached to their round body made of limestone (the test), their spikes, all sizes, bear red, violet, brown, black or white colors.
The sea urchin feeds on algae and small animals thanks to its mouth appendage located under its body. Its three claws allow it to defend itself, capture small prey, eliminate parasites and cover itself to camouflage. Only edible sea urchins use these techniques.
These different species live in both warm and cold seas of the globe and are found up to 4000 meters deep. Most of them live on rocky bottoms, but they are also found on sandy bottoms, or close to posidonia seagrasses. It moves at a speed of one centimeter per minute.
Male and female urchins never meet. During the spawning season (spring breeding period), eggs are released in large numbers by female sea urchins (up to 20 million eggs) and male sea urchins' seed, drawn by the ocean currents, is deposited on the eggs to fertilize them.
This sea fruit is primarily used as a biological indicator for scientists. It allows the assessment of pollution indices in a coastal zone according to its concentration. The genetic material of the sea urchin is also being studied in the context of cancer research. 
Sea urchins have long been ignored by the general public. They were once better known to local people and fishermen, while they were abundant on our coasts and were in accessible depths.
Their reputation has been founded over the years on its extraordinary taste and original appearance. It is now a true delicacy and a full-fledged seafood.
The orange darns or gonads (sexual organs) can be consumed from September to April. On the Mediterranean coast, they take the name of coral or Mediterranean caviar.
As a victim of its success and the failure to comply with fishing regulations, the sea urchin is now an endangered species on our coast, and it becomes essential to protect and respect it.

How to taste the sea urchin?

The ideal is to taste the sea urchins feet in the water!
They are usually opened with scissors. By shaking them with a dry and frank gesture, the impurities surrounding the gonads disappear.
Traditionally, the sea urchin is eaten “nature”, by picking up the darnes or coral directly with a slice of good bread. It is also enjoyed with a teaspoon or in toast on a buttered biscuit.
The Mediterranean coral is declined around several gourmet dishes. Brouillade, omelette, soufflé, pancake, so many recipes that will allow you to discover this delicious dish differently.

The other delicacy associated with it is the chocolate sea urchin that can be found in some bakeries in the city, do not hesitate to inquire!


 

Presentation

Bouillabaisse
Originally it was a dish of the "poor". Fishermen put aside some unsaleable fish to prepare them with their families.
Over time, this emblematic dish of the Marseillaise region has been perfected to reach the fame it knows today.
Bouillabaisse... But where does this name come from? 
Simply because when the broth boils, you have to turn down the heat so that the fish cook ”when it boils, you lower”.

This dish is made up of fish, soup and potatoes that can be served together or separately. The dish will be accompanied by rust, croutons and possibly rapé emmental.

The fish species found in bouillabaisse
Rascasse
Monkfish
White Snapper
Fielas (congre)
Spider (live)
Capon (scorpene)
Galinette (rouget grondin)* optional
Saint-Pierre
For the soup we will use small rock fish (girelle, saupe, small mules, castagnol..).
The Potargue 
It is a regional speciality of Port de Bouc and Martigues and several Mediterranean countries (Italy, France, Maghreb countries, Spain, Greece).
It is a bag of eggs of mullet (fish also called muge), salted and dried.
Poutargue is eaten in thin slices, grated in a pasta dish, or on buttered toast.
The panisse
It was at the Estaque that it became a real institution.
Based on chickpea flour, it is found in the form of slices 2 cm thick, already cut and fried.
They are simply eaten, sprinkled with fleur de sel and pepper.
La Panisse is inseparable from the Barraques à Chichis of l'Estaque: in these 3 barraques, you will find panisses, chichis and chips made before your eyes. 
Shuttles
The shuttles are dry biscuits traditionally prepared for the Candeleur instead of pancakes, especially in Marseille.
It is a biscuit that was created by Monsieur Aveyrous in 1781.
It is eaten cold (like most dry cakes) and consists of wheat flour, sugar, eggs and water with orange blossom which makes it all its flavor!
The most popular legend is probably that which attributes the symbolization of the shuttle to the boat that brought the Saintes-Maries on the coast of Provence.
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